• ERR and ERR share high sequence homology

  2021-07-27

  

  ERRα and ERRγ share high sequence homology at their DNA binding domain (98% identity) and bind response elements in a similar fashion (Fig. 3 and Liu et al., 2005), yet ERRγ shows high variability in its capacity to stimulate the different response elements, whereas ERRα does not (Fig. 6A). For exam

• Which other approaches can complement signaling optogenetics

  2021-07-27

  

  Which other approaches can complement signaling optogenetics to paint a more complete picture of developmental Erk signaling? For now, the authors have dynamically manipulated Erk signaling but measured the Erk output at steady-state using classic immunofluorescence techniques (Johnson and Toettche

• Ursodiol receptor Endothelin appears to have direct effects

  2021-07-27

  

  Endothelin 1 appears to have direct effects on neoplastic Ursodiol receptor by inducing cellular proliferation, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and inhibition of apoptosis [10]. Endothelin 1 mediates mitogenic effects in some epithelial tumors such as colorectal, ovarian, and prostate cancers [11

• Although PKC in cancer cells is known to promote

  2021-07-27

  

  Although PKCδ in cancer Gliotoxin is known to promote antiapoptotic signaling, a cleaved form of PKCδ, δCF, has been reported to play a contrasting role in enhancing apoptosis (Reyland, 2007), and these complex functions appear to be cell-type dependent (Basu and Pal, 2010). In NSCLC, full-length P

• br Materials and methods br

  2021-07-27

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Data about the ability of non-conventional ligands to operate class-A GPCRs have been accumulating. Specifically, increasing evidence indicates that oxysterols, oxidized derivatives of cholesterol, are involved in many activities that

• br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion br Conflic

  2021-07-27

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Conflict of interest Introduction Dopamine-β-hydroxylase (DβH) deficiency is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by the congenital absence of DβH, the enzyme converting dopamine to noradrenaline in sympathetic nerve terminals and

• br Materials and methods br Results br

  2021-07-27

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion To date, several reports have suggested an involvement of DGK in bipolar disorder. A splice variant at the COOH-terminus of DGKβ has been related to bipolar disorder [15] and DGKβ KO mice showed hyperactive behavior [17]. For the other DGK isoforms,

• For example nM MTX markedly

  2021-07-27

  

  For example, 200nM MTX markedly stimulates the differentiation of the monocytic U937 VKGILS-NH2 australia [39], but only 10nM MTX is sufficient for the inhibition of clonogenicity in the ALL and APL cell lines [22]. Furthermore, an even lower concentration of MTX (2nM) selectively induces the expre

• br Introduction Acylglycerol acyltransferases AGATs are

  2021-07-27

  

  Introduction Acylglycerol acyltransferases (AGATs) are predominantly responsible for triglyceride synthesis in the body, via two major pathways: the glycerol phosphate (GP) pathway (Kennedy, 1957) and the monoacylglycerol (MG) pathway (see Coleman and Lee, 2004, Yen et al., 2008). The final step

• Our recent discovery M P H R A

  2021-07-27

  

  Our recent discovery (M.P., H.R., A.S.) of a highly selective and in vivo active DDR1 small-molecule inhibitor provides evidence that DDR1 is a druggable pharmaceutical target, and some details of our efforts are provided below. To avoid the repurposing of known kinase inhibitor structural motifs, w

• br P Y receptor structure

  2021-07-26

  

  P2Y receptor structure Pharmacology Several subtype selective compounds have been developed in recent years (Jacobson and Müller, 2016; Rafehi and Müller, 2018). These compounds are helpful tools for analyzing the roles of P2Y receptor subtypes in physiology and pathophysiology. The present ar

• Injurious effects of cigarette smoke CS

  2021-07-26

  

  Injurious effects of cigarette smoke (CS) on human health are progressively being acknowledged both in animal and human studies. CS is a highly complex mixture that contains substantive amounts of toxic oxidants, nitric oxide, organic compounds, free radicals and microbial cell components including

• The enzyme cyclooxygenase COX or prostaglandin endoperoxide

  2021-07-26

  

  The enzyme cyclooxygenase (COX) or prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase (PGHS) is the key enzyme in the conversion of arachidonic Spadin (AA) into prostaglandins (PGs) [1]. In 1991, researchers found that there were two isoforms of this enzyme called COX-1 and COX-2 with independent genes and diffe

• br Conclusions In the present

  2021-07-26

  

  Conclusions In the present study, decreased AChE and increased BuChE and BeChE activities were observed in greenhouse workers relative to control subjects; however, these changes cannot be related to OP exposure but likely to pesticide-induced oxidative stress or a mild inflammatory state. The in

• Prenylation may turn a flavonoid

  2021-07-26

  

  Prenylation may turn a flavonoid from an agonist to an antagonist and improve the selectivity to both ERs depending on the position of the substitution. C-8 prenylation appears to promote antagonism to a larger extent than C-6 in ERα due to steric hindrance against generation of agonistic conformati

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